1 – Driver assistance. This is when the vehicle is controlled by the driver but may automate some driving assist features, such as steering or braking – but not both at the same time.
2 – Partial automation. This is where the car has combined automated functions like steering and braking, but the driver must remain engaged and monitor the road at all times.
3 – Conditional automation. Certain circumstances allow the car to handle most aspects of driving and the driver can take their eyes off the road, but is still required to take control of the vehicle at times without notice.
4 – High automation. The vehicle is capable of performing all driving functions under specific conditions.
5 – Full automation. The car can handle all driving functions under all conditions, although the driver may still control the vehicle if needed.